Pathology and Pathological Disorders

Next Generation Sequencing in Molecular Pathology

DNA sequencing is the tool for determining the particular arrangement of nucleotides within a DNA molecule. It includes any process or technique that is used to determine the order of the four bases i.e. adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine, in a DNA strand. The arrangement is very much specific and varies from individual to individual. The introduction of rapid DNA sequencing methods has significantly enhanced biological and medical research and discovery. With increase in research in sequencing the demand for revolutionary technologies that deliver fast, economical and precise genome information has been increased. This challenge has catalysed the improvement of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. By virtue of sequencing clonally amplified DNA templates or single DNA molecules in an immensely parallel approach in a flow cell, NGS delivers both qualitative and quantitative sequence data. However NGS is powerful and can be intended to have multiple applications in clinical diagnostics and molecular pathology.